GST Tax Slabs & Rates

Complete information about GST rates and categories (Updated 2025)

0%

Exempt

Essential goods and services that are completely exempt from GST

3%

Special Rate (Gold/Silver)

Special reduced rate primarily for precious metals

5%

Merit Rate

Reduced rate for essential and merit goods

18%

Standard Rate

Standard rate for most goods and services

40%

Demerit Rate

High rate for luxury and demerit goods

0% GST - Exempt

Essential goods and services that are completely exempt from GST

Examples of goods/services:

Fresh fruits and vegetables
Milk and dairy products (unprocessed)
Bread and bakery items
Rice, wheat, and other cereals
Books and newspapers
Educational services
Healthcare services
Religious services

3% GST - Special Rate (Gold/Silver)

Special reduced rate primarily for precious metals

Examples of goods/services:

Gold jewelry and ornaments
Silver jewelry and ornaments
Gold coins and bars
Silver coins and bars
Precious metal artifacts

5% GST - Merit Rate

Reduced rate for essential and merit goods

Examples of goods/services:

Packaged food items
Spices and condiments
Tea and coffee
Medicines and pharmaceuticals
Medical devices
Textiles and garments
Footwear (up to ₹1000)
Fertilizers
Coal and lignite
Domestic LPG
Kerosene
Bio-gas
Solar panels
Wind turbines

18% GST - Standard Rate

Standard rate for most goods and services

Examples of goods/services:

Electronics and appliances
Mobile phones and accessories
Computers and laptops
Automobiles (small cars)
Two-wheelers (up to 350cc)
Furniture and fixtures
Soaps and cosmetics
Processed foods
Restaurant services
Hotel accommodation
Telecom services
Financial services
Professional services
Construction materials

40% GST - Demerit Rate

High rate for luxury and demerit goods

Examples of goods/services:

Luxury cars and SUVs
High-end motorcycles (above 350cc)
Tobacco products
Cigarettes and cigars
Aerated drinks and soft drinks
Energy drinks
Pan masala and gutka
Luxury watches
High-end cosmetics
Private jets and yachts

Special GST Provisions

Composition Scheme

Simplified GST scheme for small businesses

  • Turnover limit: ₹1.5 crore for goods, ₹50 lakh for services
  • Fixed rate: 1% for manufacturers, 2.5% for retailers, 6% for restaurants
  • No input tax credit available
  • Quarterly return filing
  • Cannot charge GST separately on invoices

Reverse Charge Mechanism

Recipient pays GST instead of supplier

  • Applies to specific goods and services
  • Unregistered suppliers to registered recipients
  • Import of services
  • Goods transport agency services
  • Legal services by advocates

Input Tax Credit (ITC)

Credit for GST paid on inputs

  • Available on business purchases
  • Must have valid tax invoice
  • Supplier must file returns
  • Payment to supplier within 180 days
  • Not available on personal use items

Recent GST Rate Changes

September 2025 - GST 2.0 Implementation

Simplified GST structure with 5 rates: 0%, 3%, 5%, 18%, and 40%

July 2024 - Textile Rate Reduction

Textile and garment rates reduced from 12% to 5%

January 2024 - Digital Services

Clarification on GST for digital services and online platforms

Important Notes

  • GST rates may vary based on specific product specifications and HSN codes
  • Always verify the latest rates from official GST portal before filing returns
  • Some products may have different rates for different variants or specifications
  • Consult a tax professional for complex cases or business-specific queries